La fête de Thanksgiving et une chute soudaine des températures me donnent envie de déguster un Hung Shui Oolong en ma possession depuis 2009!
Il s'agit de ces feuilles du printemps 1980. Elles proviennent du village de Feng Huang, celui dont les plantations sont les plus élevées dans la région de Dong Ding.
A cette époque, avant les Oolongs de haute montagne et l'arrivée du puerh à Taiwan, le Oolong de Dong Ding connut son apogée. Les fermiers y mettaient tout leur coeur et leur savoir-faire pour le réussir. Cela consistait notamment en une oxydation pas trop faible qui permet une torréfaction au charbon de bois, en profondeur, mais préservant la fraicheur des feuilles.
Je ne l'avais pas goûté depuis 3 ans. La seule chose qui me dissuade d'en boire plus souvent, c'est son prix! Je n'avais jamais autant dépensé pour un Oolong!
Heureusement, dans ma déraison, je reste raisonnable et sait réserver ce genre de feuilles pour les occasions spéciales. A chaque fois, je trouve que ce genre d'expérience me fait faire beaucoup de progrès pour trouver ce qui va faire qu'un Oolong a un bon potentiel de garde ou non, ce qu'est la qualité...
Transparence et brillance de l'infusion sont essentielles. Un bon thé donne envie d'être bu!
La fraicheur sait rester présente et s'harmonise parfaitement avec les senteurs boisées, maltées et douces du Oolong torréfié.
Mais le plus extraordinaire, c'est la finesse et la puissance de l'arrière-goût. On y retrouve une jeunesse et une vitalité telle qu'on imagine pas les trouver dans un Oolong de 35 ans!
Chaque infusion, chaque coupe, chaque goutte est une fête des papilles.
En ce jour de Thanksgiving, je vous suis très reconnaissant de tout votre soutien dans ma (parfois folle) voie du thé. C'est un privilège de pouvoir vivre de sa passion et de la partager autour de soi avec autant d'autres passionnés. Et quelle chance de vivre à Taiwan, aux côtés de gens si sympatiques et ouverts, dans une capitale à deux pas des montagnes et des plantations de thé.
Merci à ma mère pour ce magnifique Chabu (et ses bonnes recettes). Et merci à mon père pour m'avoir transmis l'amour d'une vie saine, simple et sportive!
Et longue vie au Dong Ding Oolong!
Thursday, November 26, 2015
Tuesday, November 24, 2015
Oolong tasting contest / Concours de dégustation
This is the latest addition to my fresh Oolong selection. I've kept the origin a mystery. I would like that you taste it blind first and try to guess where it comes from. And to make this tasting contest more interesting, I will give 25 grams of Da Yu Ling Oolong to the first 5 tasters who have sent me the correct answer by e-mail (stephane_erler@yahoo.com). Results will be announced in January 2016.
Saurez-vous reconnaitre l'origine de cet Oolong d'hiver, dernier arrivé de ma sélection? Je ne donnerai la réponse qu'en janvier 2016. Cela vous donne le temps de le commander et de le goûter pour me donner votre avis. Et si vous êtes l'un des 5 premiers à me donner la bonne réponse, alors je vous enverrai 25 grammes de Da Yu Ling Oolong.
Affûtez vos palais! Et bonne chance.
Saurez-vous reconnaitre l'origine de cet Oolong d'hiver, dernier arrivé de ma sélection? Je ne donnerai la réponse qu'en janvier 2016. Cela vous donne le temps de le commander et de le goûter pour me donner votre avis. Et si vous êtes l'un des 5 premiers à me donner la bonne réponse, alors je vous enverrai 25 grammes de Da Yu Ling Oolong.
Affûtez vos palais! Et bonne chance.
Thursday, November 19, 2015
Tea with Paris couple on November 14
Just a couple of hours after learning about the Paris attacks, I had tea with Sophie and her husband on their first day in Taiwan. Since it wasn't raining, we headed to a spot in nature in the nearby mountains of Tucheng. This environment is very similar to that of Wenshan Baozhong plantations, which is why we started tasting a Baozhong classic: my spring 2014 'subtropical forest'. It tasted mild, mellow, but still fresh.
Then, I let Sophie brew my spring 2015 top Jinxuan Oolong from Dong Ding. This tea had more punch and power. What really impressed my guests was the size of the Jinxuan leaves. Even though they don't qualify as high mountain, because the Dong Ding plantations are all below 1000 meters, these tightly rolled leaves are most impressive in how big they unfold.
The crescendo continued with this spring 2015 Tsui Feng Oolong (1900 m). This time I used a zhuni teapot, which allowed my to use fewer leaves. This time, Sophie felt this brew was beyond tea and much more similar to buttery perfume! (I think that's also when she told me that she works for a famous Parisian maison de parfum!)
I was most pleased at hearing this reaction to my Tsui Feng Mountain Oolong. It's indeed a very fine example of light oxidation, high mountain and spring fragrances. That's why, I proceeded to change our set up for two more teas.
The spring 2014 Hung Shui Oolong from Yong Lung (Dong Ding) was a radical change with the previous 3 fresh Oolongs. This one has much deeper taste and aftertaste. Nutty, sweet, ripe fruits. It felt like going from white wine to a dry, tannic red wine.
My spring 2013 Concubine Oolong concludes our overview of Taiwan's Oolong.
The Chaxi has now much warmer colors. The cups are ivory white now. It's a very nice fit for this tea.
The dry leaves are simply stored in this ancient qinghua jar. The high oxidation brings a lot more sweetness to the tea. Sophie sips this warm nectar.
Her smiling eyes tell me she felt happy drinking this tea in the mountains of Tucheng.
By the time a few rain drops told us to finish, we had found happiness, warmth and calm again.
We even made a late afternoon visit to Banciao's Lin Gardens. The city has started a 2 years renovation and only half of the buildings can be accessed now. But even if you can only see half, it's still fully worth a go!
Then, I let Sophie brew my spring 2015 top Jinxuan Oolong from Dong Ding. This tea had more punch and power. What really impressed my guests was the size of the Jinxuan leaves. Even though they don't qualify as high mountain, because the Dong Ding plantations are all below 1000 meters, these tightly rolled leaves are most impressive in how big they unfold.
The crescendo continued with this spring 2015 Tsui Feng Oolong (1900 m). This time I used a zhuni teapot, which allowed my to use fewer leaves. This time, Sophie felt this brew was beyond tea and much more similar to buttery perfume! (I think that's also when she told me that she works for a famous Parisian maison de parfum!)
I was most pleased at hearing this reaction to my Tsui Feng Mountain Oolong. It's indeed a very fine example of light oxidation, high mountain and spring fragrances. That's why, I proceeded to change our set up for two more teas.
The spring 2014 Hung Shui Oolong from Yong Lung (Dong Ding) was a radical change with the previous 3 fresh Oolongs. This one has much deeper taste and aftertaste. Nutty, sweet, ripe fruits. It felt like going from white wine to a dry, tannic red wine.
My spring 2013 Concubine Oolong concludes our overview of Taiwan's Oolong.
The Chaxi has now much warmer colors. The cups are ivory white now. It's a very nice fit for this tea.
The dry leaves are simply stored in this ancient qinghua jar. The high oxidation brings a lot more sweetness to the tea. Sophie sips this warm nectar.
By the time a few rain drops told us to finish, we had found happiness, warmth and calm again.
We even made a late afternoon visit to Banciao's Lin Gardens. The city has started a 2 years renovation and only half of the buildings can be accessed now. But even if you can only see half, it's still fully worth a go!
Monday, November 16, 2015
La dynastie Tang et les chevaux volants
La fascination que nous, buveurs de thé, pouvons éprouver pour cette époque laisse entrevoir combien la dynastie Tang brillait aux yeux de ses voisins. Ci-dessus, l'aiguière céladon de Chang-Sha (province du Hunan) montre l'origine Tang du manche sur le côté. Les Japonais furent tellement subjugués par la beauté de la capitale Chang An (aujourd'hui Xi'An) qu'ils construisirent Kyoto en prenant modèle sur elle. Chang An comptait alors environ un million d'habitants et était la plus grande et prospère ville de son temps. La Chine faisait alors commerce jusqu'aux portes de l'Europe grâce aux routes de la soie. D'Iran, elle importait, par exemple, le cobalt qu'elle utilisait pour la création de porcelaine qinghua.
Stèle des Qi du nord (550-577) au musée national d'histoire de Taipei |
Bouddha Tang du Metropolitan Museum |
L'établissement de cet âge d'or se fit par Li Yuan et son fils Li ShiMin (empereur Taizong). Ils unirent la Chine morcellée par la force des armes, et combattirent les Tujue (turcs) avec l'aide précieuse des chevaux. La cavalerie leur assura une supérorité sur leurs ennemis, si bien que Taizong se fit enterrer avec les bas-reliefs des six chevaux qu'il chevaucha durant ses campagnes.
Beauté Tang devant une joueuse de polo! |
La dynastie Tang avait donc fait sien l'adage latin: si vis pacem, para bellum. Elle s'ouvrit à ceux qui vinrent en paix et dans l'échange, mais elle sut aussi utiliser sa force militaire contre ses ennemis. Plus elle était forte et unie, moins il était d'ailleurs nécessaire de recourir à cette force!
L'ustensile ci-dessus est est une meule en argent Tang impériale pour moudre le thé vert en poudre pas trop fine. Sur celle-ci, on peut (un peu difficilement) voir 2 chevaux volants entre les 3 ouvertures en forme de nénuphars! Ces 2 Pégase sont encore un exemple de la culture classique occidentale à laquelle la Chine des Tang était ouverte. Un cheval volant aurait assuré une suprématie durable à cette dynastie!
Thursday, November 12, 2015
A tea class about cups
We start our historic review of tea cups during the Tang dynasty (618-906). Then, they were named tea bowls (cha zan or cha wan). These bowls were rather large (13 cm) and flat (6 cm). This shape was the best fit for the way tea was drunk during that era. Different kilns produced bowls of different colors. Northern China produced mostly white bowls, while southern China made celadon bowls. For Lu Yu, Yuezhou's celadon was superior to Xingzhou's white, because the color of the tea would look more transparent and green instead of red.
Celadon was also appreciated, because its color was similar to jade, the most precious stone in Chinese culture. The connection to jade was so strong, that the foot of Tang dynasty bowl often looked like a jade bi disk.
During Sung dynasty (960-1279), the tea bowl became black and its walls became higher to accommodate the tea powder whisking technique.
When loose leaves started being brewed in a teapot during Ming dynasty (1368-1644), the tea cup was called 'zhong' for its bell shape. This cup was rather big, because it was used for green tea that is brewed light.
It's only during Qing dynasty (1644-1911) that the name 'bei', cup appears. This coincides with the invention of Oolong, a tea that is more concentrated than green tea and that is therefore best tasted in small cups.
A cup's size, shape, glaze, color, clay, firing... will impact the way the tea smells and tastes. Which cup to use therefore depends on the tea that is brewed. After giving further explanations about the theory behind all these factors, we tasted my Fenqi Hu High Mountain Oolong from spring 2015 using different cups. This Oolong's light but deep roast generates a very pleasant and powerful aftertaste and preserves the fine spring aromas of the high mountain.
The first important finding was to confirm that the same tea indeed tasted very differently in each cup. Some had a more intense scent, for others it was mute. The color also appeared dramatically different very green in the light celadon cups and yellow in the white ones. The celadon singing cup performed well on color, scent and taste. Cups with cracked glaze, however, often absorbed the light aromas of the Oolong and had disappointing results. A celadon cup from a famous Taiwanese ceramist failed to justify its fame.
We then switched to a red tea, my spring 2011 old arbor Dian Hong. The golden buds of this tea are made with old puerh tree leaves. This gives them power and sweetness.
This time, the color looks clearer, sharper in the ivory color cups. The flower cup performed particularly well with this tea, said Giovanni.
The tea cup is the most intimate accessory: it's the one we bring to our lips. To appreciate its beauty, a cup is viewed almost like a person: it has a foot, a body, a neck, a lip, a mouth! But this class has shown that the beauty of cup isn't just linked to its shape and color, but also to its use and how the tea tastes in it.
Tuesday, November 10, 2015
Is the Cha Dao a road paved with violence?
For René Girard (1923-Nov. 4 2015), the French philosopher who has long taught at Stanford, people are in conflict because they have the same desires. Humans like to imitate others and desire what others have. Conflicts then arise as we become competitors for the same object. And the more we desire something, the more we feel we deserve it. Anger and violence follow if we can't satisfy our desire.
This theory applies to teas as well. We all want to taste famous teas, leaves that people talk about around us (or online). It works for me: when readers write a comment or an e-mail to describe their positive experience with one of my teas, I often brew that tea soon myself! This imitation stems from a desire to share the same experience and thereby feeling closer, connected.
Conflict happens when the tea or the tea ware we desire is not in our possession. Money is the practical and almost peaceful way we resolve the conflict. But if the price is high, we "feel the pain" of the purchase. Yes, this violence causes pain. High prices also generate verbal violence. Some may accuse the seller of being crazy, greedy... or it's your friends who say that you must be crazy to spend such an amount on tea/ tea ware.
René Girard also explains that we need a scapegoat to bring back harmony between us. In recent years, I think that the rich Chinese businessman has become the scapegoat for rising prices of top quality teas and antique wares. A thought that is so violent that it borders on racism... But even many Taiwanese think so!
The best way to deal with this violence is to choose teas that are within your means. This doesn't necessarily mean choosing only cheap teas. It can also mean using fewer leaves per session and reserving the best teas for special occasions. I noticed that Buddhist monks who order from me occasionally purchase large quantities of my light oxidized Oolongs from Zhushan and only few High Mountain Oolongs and puerhs. Several wealthy professionals with a passion for tea often only purchase Da Yu Ling Oolong. As long as one stays within his means, it's OK.
But tea also differs from other products because the leaves are not the finished product. How we brew the tea also contributes greatly to its enjoyment. Choosing good water, fitting wares and setup all add or subtract from the Chaxi experience. Have you learned to choose wisely among the items you already have? And does your attitude, your movements during the brewing show your skill and passion for tea? This mix of experience and character is more valuable than the ownership of famous teas and wares. It's the difference between a lottery winner and a self-made man.
Ultimately, the tea happiness from a Chaxi comes from the creation of harmony with your own vision. It's not just about feeling accepted by others because you brew the same tea the same way. It's going further than that and using tea to express your own creativity, your own style and feelings. Tea meets art.
Peaceful inspiration.
This theory applies to teas as well. We all want to taste famous teas, leaves that people talk about around us (or online). It works for me: when readers write a comment or an e-mail to describe their positive experience with one of my teas, I often brew that tea soon myself! This imitation stems from a desire to share the same experience and thereby feeling closer, connected.
Spring 2015 Ali Shan Qingxin Oolong |
René Girard also explains that we need a scapegoat to bring back harmony between us. In recent years, I think that the rich Chinese businessman has become the scapegoat for rising prices of top quality teas and antique wares. A thought that is so violent that it borders on racism... But even many Taiwanese think so!
The best way to deal with this violence is to choose teas that are within your means. This doesn't necessarily mean choosing only cheap teas. It can also mean using fewer leaves per session and reserving the best teas for special occasions. I noticed that Buddhist monks who order from me occasionally purchase large quantities of my light oxidized Oolongs from Zhushan and only few High Mountain Oolongs and puerhs. Several wealthy professionals with a passion for tea often only purchase Da Yu Ling Oolong. As long as one stays within his means, it's OK.
But tea also differs from other products because the leaves are not the finished product. How we brew the tea also contributes greatly to its enjoyment. Choosing good water, fitting wares and setup all add or subtract from the Chaxi experience. Have you learned to choose wisely among the items you already have? And does your attitude, your movements during the brewing show your skill and passion for tea? This mix of experience and character is more valuable than the ownership of famous teas and wares. It's the difference between a lottery winner and a self-made man.
Ultimately, the tea happiness from a Chaxi comes from the creation of harmony with your own vision. It's not just about feeling accepted by others because you brew the same tea the same way. It's going further than that and using tea to express your own creativity, your own style and feelings. Tea meets art.
Peaceful inspiration.